Houses

A glance at Wilson.

Though this newspaper article issued a few years after Black Wide-Awake’s coverage, I could not resist its images of East Wilson.

The Afro-American (Baltimore, Md.), 21 February 1953.

Below, the 500 block of East Nash Street, Wilson’s former Black commercial center. The three-story building at right is the Odd Fellows Building, built by Samuel H. Vick in 1894. Beside it, we see the verandas of the Biltmore Hotel (earlier known as the Union and the Whitley), Wilson’s only Green Book hotel. On the left, we see the hedges that fronted several residences that once lined that side of the street.

Below, Yancey’s Drug Store, which stood at 563 East Nash.

Other buildings shown include Mercy Hospital, the then-brand-new Elvie Street School; Jackson Chapel First Baptist Church; the home of Daniel and Bertha Carroll, which still stands on Lincoln Street; and a taxi and driver of United Cab Company.

410 Hadley Street.

This house stands just outside the bounds of East Wilson Historic District. However, the streets southeast of present-day Hines Street, including Hadley Street, have been an African-American residential area since platted in the early twentieth century.

 

The hip-roofed house at 410 Hadley Street was built before 1922, when this Sanborn fire insurance map was drawn.

In the 1928 and 1930 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directories: Simms Lee (c; Mary L) brklyr h 410 Hadley

In the 1930 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 410 Hadley, owned and valued at $1300, Lee Simms, 66, bricklayer; wife Mary L., 60, laundress; and adopted son Clarence Woodard, 6.

In the 1940 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 410 [Hadley], Charlie Best, 42; wife Adeva, 41; and her children Bertha, 18, Gladys, 15, Rudolph, 13, and Eddie, 3.

In the 1941 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Best Chas (c; Addie; 3) lab h 410 Hadley

In 1944, Charlie Best registered for the World War II draft in Wilson County. Per his registration card, he was born 12 April 1898 in Piney Grove township, Sampson County, N.C.; he lived at 410 Hadley Street; his contact was brother Howard Best, Bowden, Duplin County, N.C.; and he worked for Contentnea Guano Company. A note on the reverse: “mashed big toe on left foot; very plain to see.”

In the 1950 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 410 [Hadley], Charlie Best, 52, fertilizer plant machine operator; wife Addie E., 51; and grandson Eddie, 14.

Photo by Lisa Y. Henderson, July 2025.

500 Hadley Street.

This empty lot is just outside the bounds of East Wilson Historic District. However, the streets southeast of present-day Hines Street, including Hadley Street, have been an African-American residential area since platted in the early twentieth century.

A large two-story house once stood at 500 Hadley Street, at the corner of Rountree Street. According to Herman McNeil, who grew up there in the 1940s, the church across the street owned the house. The church, though sometimes called Weeks Chapel for Rev. Alfred L.E. Weeks, was formally named Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church. During the pastorship of Rev. Charles T. Jones, which began in 1938, its name was changed to Ebenezer Missionary Baptist.

Per deed descriptions, the lot is on the southwest corner of Hadley Street and Bardin Avenue [now Rountree Avenue] and part of lots 5, 6, and 7 of Block #14 of the plat of the “Singletary Land.”

In History of the American Negro and His Institutions, North Carolina Edition, published in 1921, A.B. Caldwell noted that Rev. Weeks arrived in Wilson in 1915 (actually, 1914) and, by time of his writing,  had “firmly established the Tabernacle Baptist Church and built a home.” That home, I suspect, was the two-story house at 500 Hadley.

In the 1920 census of Wilson, Wilson township, Wilson County: on Hadley Street, Alfred Weeks, 44, a church minister; wife Annie, 44; daughter Marie, 14, and sister Bessie, 26.

In the 1922 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory:

The 1922 Sanborn fire insurance map of Wilson shows a two-story house with a wrap-around porch at 500 Hadley.

Detail from 1922 Sanborn fire insurance map of Wilson, N.C.

On 27 December 1922, William Gay, 52, son of Charlie and Emma Gay, married Gertrude Magette, 45, daughter of Jerry and Lucy Magette, in Wilson. Missionary Baptist minster A.L.E. Weeks performed the ceremony in the presence of J.A. Parker, 211 East Spruce Street; Mary L. Moore, 314 South Stantonsburg Street; and Annie E. Weeks, 500 Hadley Street.

In the 1925 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Weeks Alfred L E Rev, pastor Tabernacle Baptist Church h 500 Hadley

In the 1928 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Williams Frank W (c; Emma) cement fnshr h 500 Hadley

In the 1930 city directory, the house is shown as vacant.

Detail from 1930 Sanborn fire insurance map of Wilson, N.C.

By 1939, the house was in the hands of Dailey Realty Company, which offered it for sale for $3000.

In 1940, Mathew McNeil Jr. registered for the World War II draft in Wilson County. Per his registration card, he was born 17 January 1919 in Saint Paul, N.C.; his contact was Ola Bell McNeil, wife [sic; she was his mother]; he lived at 500 Hadley Street, Wilson; and worked at the Atlanta Coastline Station.

In the 1941 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory, at 500 Hadley: Esther McNeil, maid; Mathew McNeil, laborer at City Light Plant; Mathew McNeil Jr., laborer; and Olabelle McNeil (with five children), maid.

Journal and Guide (Norfolk, Va.), 20 January 1947.

In the 1947 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory, at 500 Hadley: Christine McNeil, nurse; David McNeil, laborer for Town of Wilson; and Mathew McNeil, fireman with City of Wilson, and wife Olabell.

In the 1950 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 500 Hadley, Mathew McNeil Jr., 31, proprietor, truck for hire; wife Lucy, 28; children Theron, 5, Leatrice, 2, and Jannie, newborn; mother Ola Bell, 52, widow; siblings Beatrice, 22, Rebecca, 19, David, 17, Herman, 16, Joseph, 12, and Romain, 10; nephews Carl W. Hamilton, 4, and Tyrone McNeil, 4.

The house at 500 Hadley Street caught fire just after Thanksgiving in 1984. It was badly damaged and subsequently torn down.

Wilson Daily Times, 29 November 1984.

The streets of East Wilson.

Over the course of two days in October 1982, Jim Peppler took nearly 300 photographs in Wilson on behalf of the N.A.A.C.P. Legal Defense Fund. Peppler was on hand to document the fight by African-American citizens to secure representation on the Wilson County Board of Commissioners in Robert D. Haskins et al. v. The County of Wilson, North Carolina, et al. Though his photos were taken decades after the period covered in Black Wide-Awake, several of his streetscapes would have been more familiar to a Wilsonian of 1945 than of 2025, and I share them here.

  • the 500 block of East Nash Street, looking west

This block is nearly unrecognizable now. The three-story building at right is the Odd Fellows building, built in 1894 by Samuel H. Vick.

  • A street off Maury Street, looking toward the railroad

This unpaved lane — in 1982! — is most likely Gay Street. Can anyone confirm?

  • Ash Street, looking toward Darden Alley

All the houses on the west side of Ash Street are long gone. Though vacant, most of the houses on the east remain. The shrubbery, however, has disappeared. The sign midway down the block marked the site of Calvary Holy Church (at 118 Ash Street, a building now housing Antioch Outreach Church Ministries.)

This and related images are mislabeled “Ash Street” in the collection. Instead, they are scenes of Church Street, which runs for only one block, parallel to Nash Street. Only three houses remain on the street, all now abandoned.

Church Street today, per Google Maps Streetview.

Top: plaintiffs Jasper E. Williams, Roy Atkinson, Milton F. Fitch Sr., Roland Edwards, and Rev. Talmage A. Watkins. Bottom: attorney G.K. Butterfield Jr., lead plaintiff Robert D. Haskins, attorney Milton F. “Toby” Fitch Jr.

Peppler, Jim, “Photographs of plaintiffs and cooperating attorneys for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund (LDF) who participated in the legal case Haskins v. County of Wilson in Wilson, North Carolina,” 1982-10-09/1982-10-10, Alabama Department of Archives and History, http://digital.archives.alabama.gov/cdm/ref/collection/photo/id/37888.

 

1208 Washington Street.

The two hundred-second in a series of posts highlighting buildings in East Wilson Historic District, a national historic district located in Wilson, North Carolina. As originally approved, the district encompasses 858 contributing buildings and two contributing structures in a historically African-American section of Wilson. (A significant number have since been lost.) The district was developed between about 1890 to 1940 and includes notable examples of Queen Anne, Bungalow/American Craftsman, and Shotgun-style architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

As described in the nomination form for the East Wilson Historic District (which erroneously assigns the house number 1206): “ca. 1930; 1 story; Clifton Hardy house; bungalow with gable-end form; decorative vent; hip-roofed porch; Hardy was a barber.”

In the 1930 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Hardy Clifton (c; Della) barber h 1208 Washington. Also: Hardy Caroline (c) h 1208 Washington

In the 1930 census of Wilson, Wilson County: 1208 Washington, barber Clifton Hardy, 36; wife Bella [sic], 33, cook; and mother Caroline, 65.

Caroline Hardy died 6 October 1938 in Wilson. Per her death certificate, she was 56 years old; was born in Greene County, N.C., to Jacob Best and Lucy Sheppard; and was buried in Wilson. Clifton Hardy was informant.

In the 1950 census of Wilson, Wilson County: 1208 Washington, barber Clifton Hardy, 54; wife Della, 54, house cleaner; and lodger Lucille Joyner, 24, teacher-grammar department.

Clifton Hardy died 1 January 1968 in Durham, North Carolina. Per his death certificate, he was born 22 February 1893 in Greene County, N.C., to Bill Hardy and Carolina Hardy; was married to Della Hardy; worked as a barber; lived at 1208 Washington Street; and was buried in Masonic Cemetery.

204 South Powell Street.

This house lies a block beyond the border of the East Wilson Historic District on a lot carved from land once owned by Oliver and Willie Mae Hendley Freeman.

Per Wilson city tax records, the house was built about 1925.

In the 1928 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Howard T J (c; Lula) lab h 204 Powell

In the 1930 census of Wilson, Wilson County: on Powell Street, rented at $12/month, odd jobs laborer Frank Sanders, 53; wife Sallie, 49; son Nathan, 20, odd jobs laborer, and daughter-in-law Nelly, 19.

In the 1930 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Sanders Frank (c; Sallie) lab h 204 Powell; Sanders Nathan (c; Nealy) lab h 204 Powell

In the 1941 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Tillman Deal (c; Julia) porter h 204 Powell

Deal Tilghman died 29 December 1941 at his home at 204 Powell Street, Wilson. Per his death certificate, he was born 25 July 1892 in High Point, N.C.; was married to Julia Tilghman; and worked as a laborer. He was buried in Rest Haven cemetery.

On 2 May 1944, Preston and Pauline Ward purchased the house from Alex and Lena McMillan, which was located on lots 5 and 6 of Block A of the Freeman plat map, for $200. See deed book 290, page 237.

In the 1947 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory: Murchison Mack (c) waiter h 204 Powell

Wilson Daily Times, 26 June 1948.

Photo by Lisa Y. Henderson, February 2025.

The Pegueses arrive in Wilson County.

The Pegues family is most closely associated with the Elm City area, largely due to the athletic achievements of several of its members. Like many African-American families, the Pegueses migrated to Wilson County from the Sandhills area of North and South Carolina around World War I.

On 15 January 1918, for $1600, A.L.E. and Annie E. Weeks sold Aaron and Maggie Pegues a lot with a five-room house on lot 1, block 14 of the Singletary property, today’s New Bern Street.

Deed book 111, page 595, Wilson County Register of Deeds Office, Wilson.

——

In 1918, John Pegues registered for the World War I draft in Wilson County. Per his registration card, he was born 25 May 1900; lived at 11 Barnes; was a farmer “east of Wilson”; and his nearest relative was Aaron Pegues, “11 Barnes,” Wilson.

In 1918, Lott Pegues registered for the World War I draft in Wilson County. Per his registration card, he was born 12 November 1898; lived on Barnes Line; was a farmer for Babe Pridgen on Finch Mill Road; and his nearest relative was father Aaron Pegues, Barnes Line, Wilson.

In the 1920 census of Jackson township, Nash County, N.C.: farmer Aaron Pegues, 63; wife Maggie, 48; and sons Lot, 21, and John K., 20.

Maggie Pegues died 2 July 1929 in Wilson township, Wilson County. Per her death certificate, she was 55 years old; was born in Rockingham, N.C.; was married to Aaron Pegues; was a tenant farmer for Sam Daniel; and was buried in Wilson [probably Vick Cemetery.]