migration to Maryland

The obituary of Margaret Barnes Watkins of Baltimore, Maryland.

Baltimore Afro-American, 22 January 1972.

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In the 1910 census of Wilson township, Wilson County: on Saratoga Road, Jesse Barnes, 37, farmer; wife Sarah, 31, public school teacher; and children Lucresia, 16, Ned, 14, Nancy, 12, Lemon, 11, Jessie Bell, 10, Maggie May, 7, and Ardenia, 5.

In the 1920 census of Wilson township, Wilson County: on Saratoga Road, farmer Jesse Barnes, 46; wife Sarah, 47; and children Ned, 23, Nancy, 22, Lemon, 20, Jessie Belle, 18, Maggie, 15, Ardenia, 13, Frank, 11, James, 6, and Mildred, 3.

In the 1930 census of Wilson township, Wilson County: on Powell Street, farmer Jessie R. Barnes, 55; wife Sarah, 56; and children Mildred, 16, James, 13, and Frank, 18; granddaughter Alma, 10; daughter Nancey Farmer, 30, and son-in-law Andrew Farmer, 29, truck driver for Wilson Sales Grocery.

In the 1930 census of Baltimore, Maryland: Margaret Watkins, 35, born in North Carolina, house work for private family, roomer in the household of Carrie White at 1124 Whatcoat Street.

The Baltimore Lucases return from a visit to Wilson.

“In the social whirl …”

Baltimore Afro-American, 17 October 1919.

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In the 1924, 1927 and 1928 Baltimore, Maryland, city directories: Lucas Joshua J (Ida) lab h 204 Pearl

In the 1929 Baltimore, Maryland, city directory: Lucas Joshua J (Ida) lab h 804 Vine

In the 1930 census of Baltimore, Maryland: at 804 Vine, iron foundry laborer Josheray Lucas, 47; wife Ida, 35; and son James, 16, all described as born in Maryland.

In 1942, Joshua James Lucas registered for the World War II draft in Baltimore, Maryland. Per his registration card, he was born 11 August 1883 in Elm City, North Carolina; lived at 520 West Biddle Street, Baltimore; his contact was Eliza Jones, same address; and he was self-employed at Red Ring Barber Shop, 501 1/2 West Biddle Street, Baltimore.

Seeking?

Baltimore Afro-American, 14 July 1928.

This is a confounding notice. A Pittsburgh man, W.P. Duke, placed it in a Baltimore newspaper to find Mrs. Ella (Ellen?) M. Pridgeon, who was formerly Hattie Barnes of Wilson and who once lived with her sister Mrs. F.O. Pridgeon of Cleveland.

Mrs. F.O. Pridgeon was Louise Johnson Pridgeon, wife of Frank O. Pridgeon, and the first African-American woman to practice law in Cleveland. She was born in Gallipolis, Ohio, in 1891 to Joseph and Mary Ferguson Johnson, both born in Ohio, and I have seen no evidence that she had a sister named Hattie or Ella/Ellen.

The only Ella Pridgeon I have found is Sarah Ellen “Ella” Pridgeon, daughter of  (1867-1945), daughter of Baltimore jeweler Johnson Pridgeon and wife Rebecca, all of whom were white. Ella was a prominent teacher in Baltimore.

My research suggested that W.P. Duke was Willie or William P. Duke, a Southern-born shoeshiner and laborer, who migrated to Pittsburgh prior to 1920. He is listed as single in census records and city directories, but a “Mr. and Mrs. W.P. Duke” appear in Pittsburgh Courier’s society columns in 1925, 1932 (when the Pridgeons were guests), and 1933 (when they celebrated their 11th anniversary with a “sumptuous repast” for high-toned guests.) A 1926 Courier piece, however, refers to “W. Duke Pridgeon” of Pittsburgh receiving a visit from his brother Frank O. Pridgeon of Cleveland. Et voila!

William Duke Pridgeon died 28 May 1933 in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Per his death certificate, he was born 2 February 1887 in Wilson, North Carolina, to unknown parents; was married to Flora Duke Pridgeon; worked as a porter; lived at 5643 Harvard Street; and was buried in Greenwood Cemetery.

With this, things began to fall into place. Sort of.

William and Frank O. Pridgeon’s parents were William and Sylvia Harris Pridgen of Nash County, North Carolina. By 1898, Frank had moved to Wilson, where he married Addie (not Hattie) Barnes — whose parents I have not identified. The couple soon migrated to Baltimore, Maryland, and, within a few years, to Cleveland, Ohio. The couple had no children and divorced before 1912. Frank Pridgeon married three more times.

It appears, then, that W.P. Duke was trying to find his brother’s first wife, Addie Barnes Pridgeon. But why did he call her Ella Pridgeon? And describe her as the sister of Louise J. Pridgeon? And why did William Pridgen call himself W.P. Duke?

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In the 1880 census of Nashville township, Nash County, North Carolina: William Pridgen, 36; wife Sylvia, 34; children J.S., 9, M.A., 6, Frank O., 4, and Wm. C., 1; mother Celia Harris, 54, washerwoman; daughter Fannie, 20; and sister-in-law Mary, 12. [Next door: Matthew Harris, 24, and his wife Tempie, 16. Matthew Harris was Sylvia Harris Pridgeon’s brother; their parents were Solomon and Celia Harris.]

On 22 May 1898, F.O. Pridgen, 22, of Wilson, married Addie Barnes, 18, of Wilson, in the Town of Wilson. Missionary Baptist minister W.M. Strickland performed the ceremony in the presence of Richard Renfrow, Victory Renfrow, and Harriet Knight. [Richard Renfrow was a barber and may have taught Pridgeon his trade.]

In the 1900 census of Baltimore, Baltimore County, Maryland: boarders Addie, 19, Frank, 24, barber, and Annie Pridgen, 13, all born in N.C.

In the 1904 Cleveland, Ohio, city directory: Pridgeon Frank O barber r 1172 Payne av

On 15 August 1912, Frank A. Pridgeon, 30, born in North Carolina to Wm. Pridgeon and Sylvia Harris, barber, married Elizabeth B. Ramsey, 24, born in Nashville, Tennessee, to William Ramsey and Anna White, in Cleveland. Both reported having been divorced once.

On 9 March 1915, Frank O. Pridgeon, 39, son of William Pridgeon and Silvia Harris, born in Wilson, N.C., married Louise J. Ogilvie, 24, daughter of Joseph Johnson and Mary Ferguson, born in Gallipolis, Ohio, in Cleveland, Ohio. Both had been divorced in 1914.

In 1918, Frank Oliver Pridgeon registered for the World War I draft in Cleveland, Ohio. Per his registration card, he was born 5 September 1875; lived at 2378 East 85th; worked as a barber for George S. Meyer, Hollander Hotel; and his contact was Mrs. Louis[e] Pridgeon.

In the 1920 census of Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: at 49 Crawford Street, Wm. P. Duke, 32, roomer, shoeshiner, born in North Carolina.

In the 1920 census of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio: at 2378 East 85th, Frank Pirdgeon, 43, barber, and wife Louise, 28, social worker at police station.

In the 1929 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, city directory: Duke Wm P shoe shiner East End Shoe Hospital h 5813 Harvard

In the 1930 census of Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: at 5813 Harvard Street, William P. Duke, 50, lodger, construction laborer, born in Virginia.

In the 1930 census of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio: at 2319 East Eighty-fifth Street, owned and valued at $8000, Frank O. Pridgeon, 55, barber, born in N.C.; wife Louise, 39, attorney, born in Ohio; brother-in-law Hobert Johnson, 31, barber; sister-in-law Nannie H. Johnson, 27, enumerator; nephew Joseph, 3; brother-in-law James H. Johnson, 37, barber; and father-in-law Joseph Johnson, 71.

Louise Johnson Pridgeon died 18 July 1932.

Pittsburgh Courier, 22 October 1932.

On 18 December 1935, Frank O. Pridgeon, 45, born in Wilson, N.C. to William Pridgeon and Sylvia Harris, married Inez Branch, 30, born in Rome, Georgia, to Ernest Collins and Mary Jones, in Cleveland. Pridgeon reported that his first two marriages had ended in divorce (in 1913 and 1914) and his third in death.

In the 1940 census of Cleveland, Cuyahoga township, Ohio: at 2521 East 83rd, barber Frank O. Pridgeon, 65; wife Inez, 36; and roomer Grant Russell, 55, auto mechanic.

Frank O. Pridgeon died 9 January 1941 in Cleveland, Ohio.

41 men sent to the Army.

Wilson Daily Times, 28 April 1944.

On a single day, two local draft boards sent 41 African-American men to Fort Bragg’s Army induction center, including several who no longer lived in Wilson County: James Moore Jr., Clifton Hagans, John Daniel Smith, Clarence Virgo Holley, William Howard Jr., Levi Parker, Odies Newsome, Julius Darden, Henry Cornelius Faison, Willie Sylverty Reynolds, Jimmie Lee McCarthey, Percy Mincey, Festus Scarborough, John Wilbert Williams, Othel Hamilton, Creed Junior McCoy, Booker T. Raynor Jr.Frank Rogers Blake (Petersburg, Virginia), David Lee Lane, Alvesta Hilton, Theodore Hooker (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), Edward Sharpe, Rillie Speight, Walter Worsley (Suffolk, Virginia), Sylvester Thomas DawsonJohnnie Parker, Benjamin Scott HarrisJohn Henry Allen, Oakie Parker, Ben James Barnes, James D. Etheridge, Grover Finch, Joseph Thomas Rogers (Norfolk, Virginia), Leland D. Speight (Norfolk, Virginia), Charles Henry Pope (Norfolk, Virginia), Willie Bynum (Norfolk, Virginia), Sip Allen (Baltimore, Maryland), Albert Sylvester Gay (Baltimore, Maryland), Arthur Cromartie (Portsmouth, Virginia), Jordan Mercer (Suffolk, Virginia), and Willie Artis (Washington, D.C.)

Studio shots, no. 213: James M. Barnes Jr.

James M. Barnes Jr. (1923-1978), probably in Baltimore, Maryland.

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In the 1930 census of Black Creek township, Wilson County: laborer James M. Barnes, 29; wife Minnie, 23; and son James, 5.

In the 1940 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 405 Pine Street, private family cook Minnie B. Barnes, 24 [sic], and son James, 15.

In the 1950 census of Baltimore, Baltimore County, Maryland: at 1032 Monument Street, 2nd Floor, domestic worker Minnie Barnes, 42, separated, born in Alabama, and son James, 26, born in North Carolina, laborer at bathtub manufacturing company.

Photo courtesy of Ancestry.com user Barnes_PA.

Studio shots, no. 212: Minnie Bell Florence Barnes Bolton.

Minnie Bell Florence Barnes Bolton (1905-1986) at Sparrow’s Beach, a Black-owned resort on Maryland’s Annapolis Neck Peninsula that catered to African-American families across the mid-Atlantic states.

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In the 1910 census of Dothan, Houston County, Alabama: washwoman Lizzie Larry, 37, widow, and children Florence A., 15, Jeff, 12, Anna B., 11, Claudie, 9, Thomas, 8, Rosa B., 6, and Minnie B., 3.

On 1 January 1918, Ardella Florence, 24, of Wilson, daughter of Dave and Lizzie Larry of Alabama, married Jackson Matthews, 22, of Wilson, son of Precious and Sarah Matthews of Alabama.

In the 1920 census of Black Creek township, Wilson County: Jackson Matthews, 24, farmer; wife Adelle, 24; daughter Minnie, 12; and brother Adol, 19; all born in Alabama.

Om 25 December 1923, James M. Barnes, 23, of Black Creek, married Minnie Bell Florence, 19, of Black Creek, in Black Creek. Primitive Baptist elder Robert Edwards performed the ceremony in the presence of L.E. Grice, Murray Dew, and Calvin Woodard.

In the 1930 census of Black Creek township, Wilson County: laborer James M. Barnes, 29; wife Minnie, 23; and son James, 5.

In the 1940 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 405 Pine Street, private family cook Minnie B. Barnes, 24 [sic], and son James, 15.

In the 1950 census of Baltimore, Baltimore County, Maryland: at 1032 Monument Street, 2nd Floor, domestic worker Minnie Barnes, 42, separated, born in Alabama, and son James, 26, born in North Carolina, laborer at bathtub manufacturing company.

Photo courtesy of Ancestry.com user Barnes_PA.

Studio shots, no. 211: Adele Lawrey Florence Matthews.

Adele Lawrey Florence Matthews (1890-1960).

Migration into Wilson County from Alabama was relatively unusual. However, Adele Lawrey Florence arrived around the time of World War I (as did Jackson Matthews, whom she would marry in Wilson), and a few years later her mother Lizzie Lofton Lawrey (also spelled Larry), siblings, and grandmother Amanda Lofton also came. The family remained in Wilson for a few decades before migrating further north to Baltimore, Maryland.

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In the 1900 census of Precint 6 Rutledge, Crenshaw County, Alabama: day laborer Dave Lowery, 45; wifee Lizzie, 40; and children Addell, 10, Jeff D., 8, Annie Bell, 7, Claudie, 4, and Thomas, 1.

On 2 May 1904, Adele Lairy married Jink Florence in Crenshaw County, Alabama.

In the 1910 census of Dothan, Houston County, Alabama: washwoman Lizzie Larry, 37, widow, and children Florence A., 15, Jeff, 12, Anna B., 11, Claudie, 9, Thomas, 8, Rosa B., 6, and Minnie B., 3.

On 1 January 1918, Ardella Florence, 24, of Wilson, daughter of Dave and Lizzie Larry of Alabama, married Jackson Matthews, 22, of Wilson, son of Precious and Sarah Matthews of Alabama.

In the 1920 census of Black Creek township, Wilson County: Jackson Matthews, 24, farmer; wife Adelle, 24; daughter Minnie, 12; and brother Adol, 19; all born in Alabama.

In the 1930 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 405 Pine Street, laundress Adele Matthews, 45, and lodger Sarah McMullen, 23.

In the 1930 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 204 Lee Street, Lizzie Larry, 49, widow; mother Mandy Lofty, 100, widow, born in Virginia; daughter Anabel Larry, 28, laundress; and grandsons John H., 12, and M.C., 13. All the Larrys were born in Alabama. [In the 1920 census of Bradleyton township, Crenshaw County, Alabama: Filbert Lofton, 75, farmer, and wife Mandie, 85, born in Virginia. Mandy Lofton had most likely been carried south during slavery and had made a reverse migration of sorts.]

In the 1940 census of Wilson, Wilson County: at 204 Lee Street, Annabel Larry, 36, laundress, and mother Lizzie, 65, both born in Alabama.

Photo courtesy of Ancestry.com user Barnes_PA.

The suitcase held one photo album.

It was the afternoon on Sunday before I noticed the shared post in a Wayne County, North Carolina, Facebook group:

By then, there were thousands of comments and further shares to genealogy groups — did anyone know this family? could anyone help? The finder had attached several photos from the scrapbook, and I gasped. “Josephine” was Josephine Artis Sherrod, who was both my grandmother’s great-aunt and cousin, and who presided until nearly her 101st birthday over a block of Viola Street called Sherrod Village. “Allister” was Alliner Sherrod Davis Randall, her eldest daughter.

The next few hours were an anxious scramble to contact the finder. Finally, we connected through intermediaries and, long story short, Cousin Alliner’s scrapbook has begun its journey home. I plan to scan all its photos and documents, upload them to cloud storage so they’re available to all family members, and return the original items to one of Aunt Josephine Sherrod’s direct descendants in Wilson. (And, of course, share the highlights with you!)

Josephine Artis Sherrod (1887-1988), probably 1950s.

My deep gratitude goes to Rita Elsner, who followed her gut to save these priceless documents and then to track down someone connected to them and preserve them from further damage by drying them carefully and placing them in archival sleeves. Her stewardship is exemplary.

Studio shots, no. 162: Annie Finch Cotton Ricks.

Annie F.C. Ricks (1880-1977).

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On 10 January 1899, Lumas Cotton, 21, of Nash County, son of John and Puss Cotton, married Annie Finch, 19, of Nash County, daughter of Z.D. and Minnie Finch, in Oldfields township, Wilson County.

In the 1900 census of Bailey township, Nash County: farmer Lumis Cotton, 20, and wife Annie, 19.

In the 1910 census of Oldfields township, Wilson County: farmer Lumis Cotton, 31; wife Annie, 30; and children Chester A., 10, Onnie, 8, Claudie, 7, Lillie M., 5, George W., 3, and John G., 9 months.

In the 1920 census of Oldfields township, Wilson County: on Wilson and Raleigh Road, farmer Lumas Cotton, 39; wife Annie, 39; and children Arthur, 19, Ormie, 18, Claud, 16, Lillie May, 14, George W., 11, John S., 10, Joe Brandice, 8, Velmer, 6, Thelmer, 4, Maggie Lee, 3, and Minnie Ann, 1 month.

Loomis Cotton died 19 March 1924 in Bailey township, Nash County. Per his death certificate, he was born 18 March 1881 in Nash County to John Cotton of Wilson County and Charity Taylor of Johnston County; was married to Annie Cotton; and was a farmer.

In the 1930 census of Bailey township, Nash County: farmer John Z. Cotton, 21; widowed mother Annie, 52; and siblings Joe B., 19, Thelma, 16, Maggie, 13, Menda, 11, and Dosie M., 8.

In the 1940 census of Wilson township, Wilson County: laundry presser Richard Tarbor, 26; wife Doshie, 24; sister-in-law Maggie Perry, 24, widow; niece Mary Harris, 6; and mother-in-law Annie Ricks, 59, widow. The women all worked as housekeepers.

Annie Finch Cotton Ricks died 6 March 1977 in Baltimore, Maryland.

Baltimore Afro-American, 25 May 1974.

Photo courtesy of Ancestry.com user profitbrown.

Studio shots, nos. 108, 109 and 110: the Evans family.

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Roscoe M. Evans (1913-1993), during his Wilson years.

Roscoe Michael Evans was born 11 March 1913 in Wilson to Erastus Marion Evans of Johnston County, North Carolina, and Mamie Britt Coles Evans of Sampson County, North Carolina. His parents were married in Wilson on 25 December 1911 by Baptist minister Fred M. Davis in the presence of James Crockett and Effie Pittman of Wilson and Jery Evans of Fremont, N.C., and Joe Evans applied for the license.

In the 1912 Hill’s Wilson, N.C., city directory Erastus M. Evans, laborer, is listed at 635 East Vance Street, as was John Evans.

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Erastus M. Evans (1891-1945).

In 1917, Erastus Marion Evans registered for the World War I draft in Wilson. Per his registration card, he was born 1 June 1891 in Johnston County; lived on East Nash Street; worked as an electric lineman for the Town of Wilson; and supported a wife and child.

On 22 January 1918, the “Infant of Mamie Rastus Evans,” a boy, died in Wilson at age four days, probably of “la grippe” [influenza.] Per his death certificate, he was buried in Wilson County by C.H. Darden & Sons.

On 1 August 1919, a stillborn male infant was born to Rastus M. Evans and Mamie Cole. Per his death certificate, he was born in Wilson by C.H. Darden & Sons.

In the 1930 census of Baltimore, Baltimore County, Maryland: Rastus Evans, 39, ship stevedore, described as a widower, headed a household of roomers at 807 Franklin Street. However, at 1502 Pennsylvania Avenue, also described as a widow, was Mamie E. Ivans, 34, lunch room manager; her son Roscoe, 17; brother Owen Pope, 30; and sister-in-law Leonie, 24. [Widowhood was a euphemism for divorce.]

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Mamie Britt Cole Evans (1892-1979), probably in her early Baltimore days.

Erastus M. Evans died 4 April 1945, Mamie C. Evans died June 1979, and Roscoe M. Evans died 25 February 1993, all in Baltimore.

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Photographs of the Evans family courtesy of Ancestry.com user TheresaSandra.