
Wilson Daily Times, 3 May 1940.
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Founded in 1926 on the eastern bank of the Chowan River, about 100 miles northeast of Wilson, Chowan Beach was a thriving African-American resort for decades, drawing family vacationers and legendary chitlin circuit musicians for decades. In this slim book packed with photographs, Frank Stephenson brings to life a favored vacation spot for generations of Wilsonians.
Wilson Daily Times, 26 July 1940.
Journal and Guide (Norfolk, Va.), 13 August 1938.
In 1938, Wilson 4-H Club members racked up certificates of completion awarded by the state agricultural extension service. Among those recognized were: Mittie Sutton, Leamon Jones, Hilda Joint [Joyner], Levi Simmons, Beatrice Jones, William Bynum, Cleo Jones, Herman Alston, Hattie Armstrong, Rosa Armstrong, Mary E. Barnes, Luther Battle, Lucille Best, Lillian Bullock, John Bunch, Lucille Earl, Charlotte Exum, Marie Hilliard, John A. Jones, Willie Jones, William Kirby, Mary D. Lenzy [Lindsey], Marie Lucas, Christine Mitchell, Warren H. Mitchell, Calona Montague, Alexander Pearce, William Pearce, Ruth Sanders, Sudie Spinner, Mary Terry, and Dollie M. Williams.
Journal and Guide (Norfolk, Va.), 20 July 1940.
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Journal and Guide (Norfolk, Va.), 18 May 1940.
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Journal and Guide (Norfolk, Va.), 13 August 1938.
A study conducted by county agricultural extension agent C.L. Spellman determined that children in 12 rural communities ranged from 33 percent to 90 percent underweight.
Described as “Wilson County — July 30, 1940. Levi Simmons and C.L. Spellman inspecting his acre of peanuts. Simmons was [?] the seven projects conducted this year. He has been in club work for five years.”
University Archives Photograph Collection, 4-H Youth Development Photographs, UA 023.008, Special Collections Research Center, N.C. State University Libraries, Raleigh, N.C.
Wilson County Negro Extension Agent Cecil A. Spellman did not stint. His two-part 1939 Annual Narrative Report is a 146-page treasure chest whose nuggets create a finely textured view of rural African-American life just before World War II — home demonstration, community entertainment, school improvement, test farms, engineering activities, tobacco work, gardening, corn-growing, meat-cutting, 4-H clubs, camp, spelling matches, Negro Health Week, projects, spotlights on people, houses, and schools — including photographs — and more.
There’s nothing to do but present Spellman’s report in totality, serialized.
The 66 pages of Section 1 are devoted to general and adult extension work. We meet Outstanding Man of the Year, Henry Armstrong of Elm City, and Outstanding Woman of the Year, Mrs. Charles Ruffin [Henrietta Ruffin] of the Saratoga side of the Fountain area.
Spellman praised the location of the county extension office at 559 1/2 East Nash Street, Camillus L. Darden‘s commercial building. He then described the equipment and furnishings supplied by the county (plus a few things he brought in.)
Spellman set out the organization of the extension agency and identified the eight-member County Advisory Committee as Seth T. Shaw, Thomas Hilliard, Robert L. Mitchell, Earnest A. Jones, Charlie Ruffin, Chester Woodard, John H. Clay, and Isaac Renfrow.
Spellman briefly mentioned the 4-H Club, which would be covered in detail in Section II, noting that its council met at Darden High School’s auditorium. He also lauded the principals of the county schools that hosted 4-H Clubs “as a very helpful body in the promotion of junior work in the county.”
Spellman then praised the agent training program he had attended at Hampton Institute [now Hampton University] in July.
North Carolina County Agent Annual Narrative Report, Wilson County, N.C., North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, UA102.002, Special Collections Research Center at N.C. State University.
In the lead-up to my February 8 talk at Wilson County Public Library, every day I’ll feature a post related to Wilson County’s Rosenwald schools. Here, Rocky Branch 4-H Club celebrated Valentine’s Day and Negro History Week in February 1947.


Wilson Daily Times, 21 February 1947.
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